Which parts of a unibody vehicle structure help to keep passengers safe in the event of a collision?

In the context of unibody vehicle structures, crush zones are specifically designed to absorb and dissipate energy during a collision. These zones are strategically placed in various areas of the vehicle, such as the front and rear, to manage the impact forces in a way that minimizes harm to passengers. When a collision occurs, the crush zones deform in a controlled manner, slowing down the deceleration forces experienced by the occupants, thereby improving the chances of survival and reducing injury severity.

Other structural components, while they play important roles in a vehicle’s overall integrity and performance, do not function in the same way. Engine mounts primarily keep the engine securely in place and help control vibrations, shock towers contribute to the vehicle's overall stiffness and handling but do not specifically protect passengers, and frame rails serve as support structures that provide strength but are not designed to crumple in the event of a collision. Thus, crush zones are the critical component that enhances passenger safety during accidents.